Given the material properties of the fibers and the matrix and the volume fraction of fibers, this calculator will estimate the equivalent material properties of the composite lamina in the principal directions.

This calculator assumes

1. The fibers are homogeneous, isotropic, linear elastic, continuous, regularly spaced, and perfectly aligned.
2. The matrix is homogeneous, isotropic, and linear elastic.
3. The lamina is macroscopically homogeneous, macroscopically orthotropic, linear elastic, initially stress-free, void-free, and perfectly bonded.

The derivation of the formulas can be found in the determination of material constants of a lamina section.

Input

Answer

Volume fraction of the matrix V_m:

Young's modulus along the fiber direction E₁:

Young's modulus transverse to the fiber direction E₂:

Shear modulus G₁₂:

Major Poisson's ratio ₁₂: