The four possible forms for piezoelectric constitutive equations are shown below.
The names for each of the forms is arbitrary; they were taken from the two dependent
variables on the left-hand-side of each equation. Note that the Voltage and Electric Field
variables are related via a gradient.
Strain-Charge Form:
Stress-Charge Form:
Strain-Voltage Form:
Stress-Voltage Form:
Transformations
Matrix transformations for converting piezoelectric constitutive data from one form into another
form are shown below. Only 4 out of the 6 possible combinations are shown.
Strain-Charge to Stress-Charge:
Strain-Charge to Strain-Voltage:
Stress-Charge to Stress-Voltage:
Strain-Voltage to Stress-Voltage:
See the Symbol Definition page for the units and dimensions
of the constitutive matrices shown here.
See Subscript Definitions for an explanation
to the subscripts on the constitutive matrices.
