Rapid Prototyping: FDM
engineering fundamentals Rapid Prototyping: FDM
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Highlights of Fused Deposition Modeling

  • Standard engineering thermoplastics, such as ABS, can be used to produce structurally functional models.
Two build materials can be used, and latticework interiors are an option.
Parts up to 600 × 600 × 500 mm (24 × 24 × 20 inches) can be produced.
Filament of heated thermoplastic polymer is squeezed out like toothpaste from a tube.
Thermoplastic is cooled rapidly since the platform is maintained at a lower temperature.
Milling step not included and layer deposition is sometimes non-uniform so "plane" can become skewed.
Not as prevalent as SLA and SLS®, but gaining ground because of the desirable material properties.

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Fused Deposition Modeling

Stratasys of Eden Prairie, MN makes Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) machines. The FDM process was developed by Scott Crump in 1988. The fundamental process involves heating a filament of thermoplastic polymer and squeezing it out like toothpaste from a tube to form the RP layers. The machines range from fast concept modelers to slower, high-precision machines. The materials include polyester, ABS, elastomers, and investment casting wax. The overall arrangement is illustrated below:

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