CNC Machining Design Guide

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Materials

Design

Processes

Units

Formulas

Math
Introduction

Properties of common solid materials are divided into following categories:

 

  • Physical properties: Density, melting and boiling temperature.
• Mechanical Properties: Including basic mechanical properties, such as elastic modulus, shear modulus, Poisson's ratio, and mechanical strength properties, i.e., yielding stress, ultimate stress, elongation.
• Thermal Properties: Coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity.
• Electric Properties: Electric resistivity.
• Acoustic Properties: Compression wave velocity, shear wave velocity, bar velocity.
 

  Note: 1. All properties are under 1 atm (1.01325×105 Pa; 760 mmHg; 14.6959 psi) and at room temperature 25 ºC (77 ºF) unless specified otherwise.
  2. Further information on a specific material can be obtained by clicking the name of that particular material in the following table.
  3. Users who prefer Standard or other unit systems rather than the SI units, click the amount (number) of the specific material property for unit conversion.
  4. Materials in different phases at room temperature: Liquid, Gas.
Physical Properties
Material Density
(×1000 kg/m3)		 Melting Point
(ºC)		 Boiling Point
(ºC)
Aluminum [Al] 2.71 660.3 2519
Aluminum Alloy 2.64 - 2.8 565.0 - 660.0 -
Brass 8.4 - 8.75 930.0 -
Brass; Noval 8.4 - -
Brass; Red (80% Cu, 20% Zn) 8.75 1000 -
Brick 1.8 - 2.4 - -
Bronze; Regular 7.8 - 8.8 1050 -
Bronze; Manganese 8.3 - -
Carbon [C] 2.25 4492 3642
Ceramic 2 - 3 3870 -
Concrete 2.3 - 2.4 - -
Copper [Cu] 8.94 1085 2562
Copper Alloy 8.23 925.0 -
Cork 0.15 - 0.2 - -
Glass 2.4 - 2.8 - -
Gold [Au] 19.32 1064 2856
Iron [Fe] 7.87 1538 2861
Iron (Cast) 7 - 7.4 - -
Iron (Wrought) 7.4 - 7.8 - -
Lead [Pb] 11.3 327.5 1749
Magnesium [Mg] 1.74 650.0 1090
Magnesium Alloy 1.77 1246 2061
Monel (67% Ni, 30% Cu) 8.84 1330 -
Nickel [Ni] 8.89 1455 2913
Nylon; Polyamide 1.1 - -
Platinum [Pt] 21.4 1768 3825
Rubber 0.96 - 1.3 - -
Silicon [Si] 2.33 1382 -
Silver [Ag] 10.49 961.8 2162
Solder; Tin-Lead 8.17 - 11.34 215.0 -
Steel 7.85 1425 -
Stone; Granite 2.6 - -
Stone; Limestone 2 - 2.9 - -
Stone; Marble 2.6 - 2.9 - -
Stone; Quartz 2.6 - -
Tin [Sn] 7.3 231.9 2602
Titanium [Ti] 4.54 1668 3287
Titanium Alloy 4.51 - -
Tungsten [W] 19.3 3422 5555
Wood; Ash 0.56 - 0.64 - -
Wood; Douglas Fir 0.48 - 0.56 - -
Wood; Oak 0.64 - 0.72 - -
Wood; Southern Pine 0.55 - 0.64 - -
Zinc [Zn] 7.14 419.5 907.0
Glossary
FREE Publications
CNC Machining Design Guide

Optimize your designs, reduce machining time, and lower your costs.

Injection Molding Design Guide

Guide for high quality and cost-effective plastic injection molding.

Essentials of Manufacturing

Information, coverage of important developments and expert commentary in manufacturing.

Metal 3D Printing Design Guide

Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) 3D printing for parts with reduced cost and little waste.

more publications