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The sign convention used in the plate section is defined in this section. Notice that unlike some publications on this subject, the loading term p(x, y) points to the same direction as the z-axis. Please refer to the classical plate theory for more details.

Loading and deflection sign convention

The loading P and deflection w in the z direction indicated are positive

For the sign of moment resultants, a moment caused by a positive stress with a positive arm is considered positive and the subscript of the stress is used to denote this moment.

bending moment sign convention

Therefore, positive Mx points toward the y direction under the right-hand rule.

 

bending moment sign convention

Positive directions for bending moments.

 

shear force sign convention

Positive directions for shear forces.
Glossary
Mechanical Engineers Outlook

Guide for those interested in becoming a mechanical engineer. Includes qualifications, pay, and job duties.

Metal 3D Printing Design Guide

Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) 3D printing for parts with reduced cost and little waste.

3D Scanners

A white paper to assist in the evaluation of 3D scanning hardware solutions.

STEM Career Outlook

Wages, employment opportunities, and growth projections for STEM jobs.